Abstract:
The Sunda Strait is situated between the islands of Jawa and Sumatra. It links the Jawa Strait in the north and the Indian Ocean in the south. The development and amount of population in this area grows very fast lately. The Sunda Strait area has a large potential of both natural and man-made hazards. The natural hazards in this area are eruptions of Anak Krakatau volcano, tsunami, earthquakes, landslides and coastal abration. The man-made hazards are industrial hazards in the Merak-Cilegon and its surroundings and also forest fire in the west Lampung and Ujung Kulon. The Directorate of Volcanology monitors the activity of Anak Krakatau volcano as a source of explosion, volcanic earthquakes and tsunami, while the Meteorological and Geophysical Agency (BMG) monitors the activity of tectonic earthquakes in Sunda Strait area. There are disaster management organisation systems in Indonesia like Bakornas PB (National Coordinating Board for Disaster Management), Satkorlak (Coordinating Unit Operation) at the province local government level and Satlak (Unit Operation) at the district local government level. The organisation of industrial disaster management has been established by the Merak-Cilegon area industries. Early warning systems to reduce the impact of industrial hazards were installed and are supported by the local government of Serang. Some institutions and universities in Indonesia assess the identification and prediction of hazards in the Sunda Strait area. Not yet available is a monitoring and prediction system, capable of detecting and forecasting threatening phenomena in time to initiate actions to avert or reduce impacts, and a strong disaster management organisation. Comprehensive disaster mitigation in Sunda Strait is indispensable in order to reduce the impact of hazards and to promote sustainable development.